The Relationship between Urban Elements and Statues Lighting and Increased Comfort, Security, and Sense of Belonging to Cities

Urban lighting is a combination of the lighting of pathways, buildings, urban furniture, traffic lights, urban billboards (urban TVs), and seasonal lighting, which not only provides conditions for urban functions and activities at night but also creates security, comfort, and attractivity in urban environments. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between urban elements and statue lighting and increased comfort, security, and a sense of belonging to cities. This study had an applied goal and fell under descriptive-survey research in terms of data collection and analysis. From an analysis perspective, the study was correlational. Also, from a time perspective, this study was a cross-sectional study. The statistical population consisted of experts, mayors, directors, and officials of District 6 of Tehran (around 400 people). The statistical sample was estimated to be 196 people by using the Cochran formula. Findings revealed that there was a significant relationship between urban elements and statue lighting and the increased comfort and security of visitors of urban spaces at night. This finding was confirmed following the study of respondents’ views and the binomial ratio test results at the 95% confidence level. Also, there was a significant relationship between lighting styles and the increased sense of belonging to the city. This suggested that the researcher’s hypothesis stating a significant relationship between lighting styles and the increased sense of belonging to the city was confirmed.