The Effects of Various Antibiotic Prophylaxis Prescription Approaches on Postoperative Adenotonsillectomy Complications

Adenotonsillectomy (AT) is among the most frequent surgeries performed, especially in children. AT surgery has always been associated with postoperative complications. This study investigates the effects of preoperative antibiotic therapy and its effect on surgical complications.

Children that referred to Imam Reza Educational, Research, and Treatment Centers for AT were chosen through a purposeful random sampling method. Participants were split into three groups, including "Group A" receiving 50 mg/kg of cefazolin administered intravenously 30 min before AT, "Group B" receiving 50 mg/kg of cefazolin administered intravenously 30 min before AT, and oral amoxicillin after surgery, and "Group C" receiving no antibiotics. All patients underwent cold dissection and electrocautery tonsillectomy and then were checked for postoperative complications a day, one week, and two weeks after surgery.

 Complications such as bleeding and bad breath were inflated during treatment, while this increase was not significant in the groups (p> 0.05). During the whole follow-up, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of fever, pain, type of nutrition, the tonsillar bed for fibrin membrane condition, bad breath, and bleeding at the surgical site (p> 0.05).

The preoperative injection of antibiotics or orally administrated antibiotics following the intravenously antibiotic injections possessed no superiority over prescribing no antibiotics in terms of complications during the first two weeks after surgery.