The Effectiveness of Educational Intervention Using Pender Health Promotion Model for Disease Management in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes control is a challenge to achieving successful self-management, so disease management is essential to prevent the complications of diabetes. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of educational intervention using Pender health promotion model for disease management in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study is an experimental clinical trial. The statistical population includes 100 patients with type 2 diabetes referred to the diabetes clinic of Imam Ali Complex in Karaj in 2o20-202. Based on the results, a total of 100 people were selected and divided into two parts.50 people in the control group and 50 people in the intervention group were distributed and completed by both blocks by four-block random sampling method, two-part questionnaires including HPM structures, and self-management questionnaires before the intervention. The intervention group based on the results of the self-management questionnaire was held for 7 weeks and one session per week for the training group for 60 to 90 minutes. These sessions included lectures, questions, and answers, group discussions, plays educational clips, and pamphlets. Patients in the training group were also given individual training and telephone counseling on self-management behaviors, problems, and barriers. The content of self-management behaviors was also texted to patients. Six months after the intervention, the questionnaires were completed again by the two groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and the research findings showed that no significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of HPM structures and self-management behaviors (P <0.05). But six months after the intervention, in all model constructs, except for the structure of previous related behavior(p = 0.84), but in other structures and self-management behaviors (P <0.001), statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups. This study emphasizes the fact that health care professionals need to understand the variables of self-management behaviors. This study suggests that interpersonal, situational, and cultural effects as a tool to facilitate and reinforce the self-management behaviors be done in patients with type 2 diabetes in future studies.