The Application of Lasers in the Treatment of Peri‐Implantitis

The application of laser is one of the new methods offered in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Studies support the success of this method in the detoxification of the surface of implants, although there are limited studies in this regard and their results are controversial. Since the laser has a good capability of destroying microorganisms and also has high bactericidal and detoxification effects, it is considered one of the best techniques in the treatment of infection in tissues around the implant. The most important role of laser in the treatment of peri-implantitis is its bactericidal effect. Lasers with two photothermal and photochemical effects can destroy bacteria on the surface of the implant. In the photothermal method, high laser energy destroys bacteria, while in the photochemical method, the bacteria are not destroyed by increasing the temperature, but following the radiation of photosensitizer connected to the bacteria, it is activated, produces toxic substances for the bacteria, and destroys the bacteria.  Since lack of change in the surface topography of the implant is considered an important indicator in choosing the material or method used to clean the implant surface, an ideal laser has the most antimicrobial effect while having the least effect on the topography of the implant surface and do not increase the temperature of the implant and the bone around it.