Synthesis of Magnetic Iron Oxide (Fe₃O₄) Nanoparticles Modified with Common wormwood Extract and Examination of its Application for Removal of Tetracycline from Aqueous Solutions

The presence of antibiotics in wastewater is of the problems of advanced societies receiving great attention in recent years and using nanotechnology is undoubtedly very effective in reaching this goal. The purpose was the synthesis of modified iron oxide (Fe₃O₄) magnetic nanoparticles with common wormwood extract and its efficiency for removing tetracycline antibiotics from aqueous solutions. Synthesis of Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles was conducted to remove tetracycline by co-precipitation method. FT-IR, FESEM, and XRD TEM techniques were used to identify the synthesized nanoparticles. The parameters examined in the study were removal time, pH, and the nanoparticle value, the intervals of each of which were 15-45 minutes, 5-9, and 0.1-0.05 grams, respectively. The results obtained from the real sample indicated 70% removal and thus the removal percentage increased with the increase in nanoparticles to 0.1 g. Under standard conditions, 94.78% and real samples of up to 71% of tetracycline were removed from the environment. The results showed that a significant percentage of tetracycline could be removed with magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles modified with common wormwood extract turning the study into a practical goal in treatment plants.