Role of blood grouping as a prognostic marker in breast carcinoma its relationship with histological and hormonal prognostic markers

Context: Breast carcinomas are one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in our country. Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status plays a very important role in therapeutic decisions in managing these patients. ABO and Rh blood type has been associated with risk and survival for several malignancies. Aims and Objectives: To know the frequency of ER and PR positivity status in the semi-urban population. To relate ABO/Rh blood group, ER and PR status with histopathological stage and Nottingham prognostic index (NPI). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out on 45 cases from July 2012 to December 2013 who underwent mastectomy for breast cancer were included in our study. Histopathological grade of the tumor, lymph node invasion was noted. NPI was calculated. Immunohistochemistry was done using antibodies against ER and PR. Blood grouping and Rh typing was done. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were done using SPSS package 20. P < 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: In our study, maximum number of cases were in the fourth decade of life with a mean age of 52 years. ER and PRs were positive in 23/45 (51.1%) of cases. Most of the ER and PR negative patients were in the premenopausal group. Lymph node-positive tumors were ER negative (54%) and PR negative (58%). Patients in our study belonged to Group B (35.5%) and Group O (35.5%). Eighty percent of Rh negative cases were ER and PR positive. A 2 × 2 table correlating ER and PR positivity with Rh negative status revealed a positive correlation with P < 0.05. Majority of ER and PR negative tumors belonged to Groups B and O. Conclusion: Majority of the patients were in premenopausal age group with 51.1% of our cases were ER and PR positive. Majority of Rh negative17 patients were ER and PR positive.