Primary ovarian squamous cell carcinoma occurring in mature cystic teratoma

Mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is a common benign tumor of the ovary in females. Malignant transformation in a MCT of the ovary is a rare condition and accounts for only 1%–2% cases. The most common malignancy is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which comprises about 75% of malignant transformations. We report a case of a 52-year-old postmenopausal female who presented with complaint of pain and mass per abdomen for 4 months. She underwent bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and histopathological examination revealed primary ovarian SCC arising in a MCT. Later, she underwent chemotherapy, total hysterectomy, and omentectomy with iliac lymph node dissection.