Phylogenetic analysis of Hemagglutinin gene of H9N2 Avian Influenza virus circulated In Iran during 2019-2020.

H9N2 avian influenza viruses are now internationally prevalent in poultry over the last couple of decades, posing a significant threat to the global poultry industry and humans due to their high zoonotic infection and pandemic risk. The haemagglutinin (HA) protein is AIV's primary surface antigen important for viral infection. This research was conducted to investigate the avian Influenza virus H9N2 in six provinces of Iran. First, among 60 broiler flocks with respiratory symptoms, tracheal samples were obtained during 2019-2020. Subsequently, RNA was extracted, then RT-PCR was performed by targeting the Hemagglutinin gene. This study sequenced and described partial Haemagglutinin genes from 13 Iranian H9N2 viruses. According to phylogenetic studies, all Iranian viruses belong to the G1 sub-lineage. Considering the virus's profound influence on the poultry industry, individuals, and public health, more epidemiological investigations are necessary to assess the success of the approaches and practices used to control the H9N2 virus.