Mediastinal thymoma in children: A cytological diagnosis

Mediastinal masses in children comprise a heterogeneous group of malignant and benign neoplasms. The majority of malignant tumors of mediastinum are Hodgkins and non-Hodgkins lymphomas, germ cell tumors, and neuroblastomas. Thymomas, thymic carcinoid, and thymic carcinomas constitute thymic epithelial neoplasms (TEN). Thymoma is a primary tumor of the thymus epithelial cells and one of the most common neoplasms in the anterosuperior mediastinum, especially in middle-aged or older adults. Thymic epithelial neoplasms are usually seen in the latter decades of life and rarely occur in children. We hereby report a case of 13-year-old girl presenting with thymoma.