International Commercial Diplomacy in the Practice of Countries

Commercial diplomacy is a subset of economic diplomacy, which means that economic diplomacy includes macro-economic issues and seeks to provide the development goals and interests of the country, and issues such as economic stability, food security, fighting poverty, and protecting the environment, health and community health, education, employment creation, investment, industrial policies, competition law, tourism, and regionalism, while commercial diplomacy deals with the micro level of relations and the main subject of its activity is commercial policies, the extent, and manner exports and imports are the country's share of international trade and attracting foreign capital. In other words, in commercial diplomacy, according to their capabilities and national economic interests, countries try to achieve special and operational goals (such as export development or foreign investment attraction) within the framework of special strategies (such as import substitution strategies or export development strategies). Use special tools (such as tariff and non-tariff tools). Since the Islamic Republic of Iran is in the process of joining the World Trade Organization and also intends to increase its bilateral and multilateral trade relations, studying the commercial diplomacy of other countries, especially developing countries, can bring many benefits. The structure of commercial diplomacy, export promotion programs, foreign capital attraction activities, strategies and target companies, programs, pricing policies, information and communication technologies, active personnel in the field of commercial diplomacy, and the transfer of roles and responsibilities are among the indicators that they are studied in the study of commercial diplomacy of countries.