Improving Energy Consumption in 5^th Generation Cellular Networks through Sleep-wake Scheme of Base Stations

Efficient energy transfer arises in energy-constrained networks such as wireless sensor networks, satellite telecommunication networks, where wireless equipment is powered by batteries that are either non-rechargeable or difficult to recharge, as a result of consuming Energy in them should be minimized.  Active base stations (BSs) began to work with a constant number, but the number changes gradually based on environmental feedback. In this process, the network coverage and energy consumption amount are monitored in each time window of t seconds. If the reduction of active stations number does not reduce the network coverage, the probability of station reduction will be increased. However, if both the energy consumption and network coverage are dropped after several stages of active stations' reduction, the automata are penalized, and the possibility of BSs' reduction will be declined. The simulation results show that even in delay-sensitive scenarios, it is possible to reach 55% and 10% higher energy efficiency (without creating additional delay) in low and medium traffic loads, respectively.