Gene mutation of childhood B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A systematic review

Introduction: Research on the importance of cancer mainly been performed in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) B-cell populations. All B-cell is the most common leukemia occurs in 2–5-years old of children. Chromosome translocations, chromosome numerical alterations, and specific gene mutations are the genetic abnormalities which have found in 75% of B-ALL cases. Somatic mutations in 45 genes with different frequency and different cellular pathways were the subject of this investigation. Materials and Methods: An electronic search of peer-reviewed articles was systematically performed to obtain the relevant literature with the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, and PubMed databases. In this systematic review, 48 articles from 1998 to 2020 were collected. The keywords included B-cell ALL, genes, mutations, pediatric, and systematic review. The inclusion criteria for the reviews were that the documents were original quantitative research and published in English. Articles that were not directly relevant to the present objective were excluded. Results: The results are limited to these specific them as B-cell, ALL, pediatric, genes, mutations, and systematic review. This article focused on the pediatric B-cell ALL, support of cancer patients from diverse and heterogeneous groups globally. By collecting the articles and reviewing them, alterations in different genes with different molecular pathways which had the effects on B-ALL pathogenicity were found and alteration list discussed. Conclusion: The present outcome of these review resources suggest that it may be helpful for clinicians to address genetics, epigenetic regulators, particularly with regard to prevention, healing, and survival of pediatric cancer patients. This article indicates that it may be useful for clinical oncologists to be informed of the prevalence of the use of mutated genes in medicine in their specialized field. In addition, patients should routinely be asked about the use of prevention medicine as the part of every cancer patient's evaluation.