Audit on preinvasive and invasive neoplasm of the cervix and associated pathologies among the women with uterine prolapse in rural women of North India

Background: Uterine prolapse is a common complaint in gynecology. It is defined as an abnormal downward displacement or protrusion of the pelvic structures in the vaginal canal. Aim: The aim of this study was to know the gross and microscopic cervical changes in uterine prolapse and their association with clinical findings. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in the histopathology section of the Department of Pathology in Rural Institute of Medical Science and Research, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, on hysterectomy specimens with prolapse uterus from January 2012 to May 2015. Results: The minimum age of patients with prolapse was 25 years and maximum age was 70 years, maximum number of patients belonged to 41–50 years age group (38.72%). Common clinical complaint was something coming out per vagina (53.61%). On gross examination, hypertrophy of cervix was a common pathology (46.38%). Histopathology examination of prolapse uterus showed chronic cervicitis (87.65%), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia I (21.70%), and others, but carcinoma cervix was not present. Conclusion: Prolapse uterus was a common gynecological complaint among rural women, usually clinically presenting with something coming out per vagina. Grossly, the cervix appeared hypertrophied in the majority. Histopathological examination showed chronic cervicitis in bulk. Chronic cervicitis paves the way for premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix, though cervical carcinoma is rare in prolapse uterus. Prolapse uterus must be diagnosed early so as to provide early treatment before the complications arise.