Analysis of Some Dosimetry Methods and the Importance of Their Applications in Medicine

In health physics, or the science of radiation protection, the term "radiation dosimetry" refers to a field of study that measures, computes, and evaluates the amount of radiation that is absorbed by the environment or the human body. It is used in many different industries, including medicine and therapy. Dosimeters are compact instruments used to determine an individual's dosage. They are often passive instruments that, when subjected to ionising radiation, undergo physical and chemical changes that may be read and analysed later. Various dosimeters have long been utilized in radiation therapy centers. The last type of them were film dosimeters until 1970, consisting of a simple film in a light-resistant container that was simply sensitive to different forms of radiation. Finally, the film was displayed and read to evaluate the received dose. In general, most film badges have a minimum resolution of about 30 mrem. Owing to the vast progress in this field until today, most of the dosimeters currently used are thermoluminescence dosimeters and other sensor-based dosimeters. They use electron crystal entrapment capability to measure absorbed dose. The minimum detectable dose level is reduced to 5-10 mrem using this new technology, a range that is considered a major improvement over older film badge methods.