An Investigation of the Basics and Concepts of Comparative Management

Comparative management studies (comparative administration) deal with different countries' management systems and other societies' practical experiences. In some comparative studies, a single variable in the organization, such as motivation, is selected, and the effect of culture and social values ​​on it is examined. However, several variables and factors are selected and examined in the organization in some others. Organizational structure, organizational performance (or function), production system, technology related to dynamics and complexity of bureaucracy, and classification of organizations regarding the type of member control can be used as a model in comparative management studies. Comparative management is defined as an area of study dealing with similarities and differences between management systems and management from various dimensions and aspects. This comparison can be made between different organizations such as governmental and non-governmental, for-profit and not-for-profit, productive and non-productive, large and small, and successful and unsuccessful. In the present study, the concepts and principles, benefits, reasons, and importance of studies dealing with comparative management were taken into account. Several successful examples of this issue in developed countries were discussed.