A Study of the Concept of Wisdom in Iranian-Islamic Garden (Case Study: Dolatabad Garden in Yazd)

From the beginning, Iranian saw the garden as the earthly manifestation of spiritual truth; a reflection of paradise in this universe. For this reason, there was a relationship between its plan and artistic design and ontology and wisdom. The experience of looking garden was not limited to the perceptible universe but, also, to a certain extent, this made it possible for those who had insight and spirituality to directly experience the truth of the spiritual universe. Therefore, it was sacred art. Iranian garden, like Iranian architecture, was designed such that it matched the ecosystem and nature (climate) because, in Iranian culture, nature has been considered not only a manifestation of tranquility, purity, and freshness but also a holy element. After the advent of Islam, this sense of belonging to nature still existed, and only in the sacred view, an aspect of respect was added to it. Iranian garden is characterized by this concept and identity. The principles and geometry of the Iranian garden, the type of flowers and trees, streams of water alongside the shady trees, and overflowing pools are also characteristics of these gardens, which represent the garden as an image of paradise. The library research method is the most important one to achieve the goal of the present study. Among existing Iranian gardens, the Dolatabad Garden in Yazd has the most complete garden design in terms of structural (spatial elements), functional (landscaping elements), and aesthetic (decorative elements) aspects. So, in the present study, it was studied as a case study.